Thursday 17 May 2012

Some important Drugs and its side effects:


Some important Drugs and its side effects:


Some important Drugs and its side effects:
Grey Baby Syndrome- Chloramphenicol
 Pin Point Pupil-Morphine
Reyes Syndrome- Aspirin
Urine Coloration- Rifampicin
Frontal Headache- Indomethacin
Captopril-Persistent dry cough
Bleomycin-Pulmonary fibrosis
 Vancomycin- Red man syndrome
Nicotinic acid- Flush
Steven Johnsons syndrome- Allopurinol
sulphonamides-kernicterus
 aminoglycosides-ototoxicity
discoloration of teeth-tetracycline
doxorubicin & duanorubucin- cardiomyopathy.
 chloroquine- cardiotixicity
 doxycycline- esophageal ulceration
vincristine & vinblastine- neuropathy
cyclophosphamide- alopecia
cimetidine & spironolactone- gynaecomastia


Effects of drugs during pregnancy on fetus
Antiepileptics- neuraltube defect
 Warfarin- cleft palate
 thalidomide- phocomalia
alcohol- cranial bone formation impairment


ANTIDOTES
benzodiazepine- flumazenil
 paracetamol- N-acetyl cysteine
 Morphine- naloxone
 nitrites- methylene blue
 organophosphorus compd.- DAM, PAM, Atropine
Atropine- Physostigmine
lead- BAL
cyanide- edetate+amyl nitrite

Some important drugs and its mechanism…

1. Nalidixic Acid-Prevent DNA synthesis
 2. Dapsone-Folic acid synthesis inhibitor
3. Vinca alkaloid-Mitotic Spindle formation prevention
4. anthracycline-Intercalation of DNA
5. Methotraxate- Folic acid reductase inhibitor.
 6. Warfarin-Vit k antagonist
 7. Zidovudine- Inhibits the enzyme reverse transcriptase, preventing DNA replication
8. Metronidazole- disruption of helical structure of DNA
9. Tetracycline- Inhibits Protein synthesis by acting on 30 S unit of ribosome
10. Erythromycin- Inhibits Protein synthesis by acting on 50 S unit of ribosome
 11. Chloroquine- Binds and alters properties of microbial and fungal DNA
 12. Diazepam- GABA facilitator
 13. Acetazolamide- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
14. Allopurinol- Xanthine oxidase inhibitor, inhibitor of uric acid
15. Fluconalzole- P450 enzyme 14α-demethylase Inhibitor
16. Salbutamol-Beta 2 receptor agonist
17. Tolnaftate- Inhibit squalene epoxidase which is necessary for ergosteral syns of fungal cell wall
18. Griesofulvin-inhibits fungal cell wall activity
 19. Chloramphenicol-Inhibition of Protein syntheses
 20. Levodopa- Replenish Brain deleted dopamine

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